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許多難加工材料應用廣泛，其中難加工材料，如不銹鋼中Cr和Ni含量較高，Cr雖能提高不銹鋼的強度和韌性，但增加了不銹鋼與刀具的粘結傾向；Ni可起到穩定組織的作用，但組織塑性大，容易引起加工硬化，採用鎢鈷類硬質合金刀具進行加工，但加工效果並不十分理想。

碧威不銹鋼專用切削刀具是以最新金屬陶瓷材料製作而成，針對成分內含鎳18%以上的難切削材而開發，擁有更好的抗折強度及濕式切削，加工時有更優越的耐損性和穩定性，在加工不銹鋼切削壽命更是鎢鋼刀具5倍以上且在切削表面具有優異的表現。

金屬陶瓷材質刀具切削特性：

• 濕式切削加工時，能具有穩定的切削性能（耐熱衝擊性的提昇）
• 較優越於以往奈米鎢鋼材料種類的耐損性和耐摩耗性

金屬陶瓷材質刀具切削特性：

• 切削刃有再磨自銳效應
• 化學性能穩定性
• 刀片上無浸潤效應
• 刀具其他部分材料向切削轉移可以忽略不計等也是其優點
• Co用作金屬粘結物，取代了Ni與Co混合物，無污染
• 更高的加工安全性
• 應用領域更廣闊
• 保持表面光潔度與精度的能力更強
• 斷續加工能力加強

不同材質刀具之切削測試:

切削方式：不加油、水、切削液（乾式切削）及常溫下切削等條件

2刃平銑刀/HSS Co 8%-HSS刀具切削刀痕金相圖

4刃圓鼻銑刀/奈米鎢鋼-鎢鋼刀具切削刀痕金相圖

4刃平銑刀/極細超微粒鎢鋼-鎢鋼刀具切削刀痕金相圖

4刃圓鼻銑刀/超微粒鎢鋼-鎢鋼刀具切削刀痕金相圖

金屬陶瓷材質刀具之切削測試:

切削方式：不加油、水、切削液（乾式切削）及常溫下切削等條件

刀具規格：直徑8mm/R0.5/刃長20mm/全長60mm/螺旋角35度

金屬陶瓷刀具切削後初期刀痕金相圖

金屬陶瓷刀具切削後期刀痕金相圖

金屬陶瓷刀具介紹測試報告

Selection of woodworking cutters

1. identify the main technical parameters of the cutter
   Main parameters:outer diameter, machining thickness, and the center diameter.
   Other technical parameters: number of teeth, the direction of rotation, rotation speed, feed rate, clamping way, and cutter material.
2. Choose the structure type of cutter
   According the request and characteristics of cutting object, and consideration from both the technical and economic aspects, select the whole cutters or welding cutters, assembly cutters, and combination cutter.
3. The choice of the cutter rotation direction
   Cutter rotation direction is determined in accordance with the direction of rotation of the processing machinery spindle and the tool axis and the feed of the work piece relative position of the whole cutter, or assembling cutter, the inclination of the cutting blade relative to cutter radius determines the rotation of the cutter direction.
4. Selection of cutting amount of end mills
   Cutting amount of end mills are including cutting speed, feed speed of work material, and depth of milling. Cutting speed depends on the rpm and the radius of the end mills .. feed rate depends on the requirements of cutting surface .. the surface roughness of work material largely depends on the feed rate per tooth during cutting process, too much feed will cause too rough surface of work piece; too small feed will cause burnt phenomenon on the surface, so the feed rate must be appropriate.
5. Operation stability of end mills
   The stability of the cutter operation is to ensure that the basis of the machining accuracy and surface quality .. including two aspects: one is cutter excited vibration in machining due to external forces; the other is that cutter happens deformation by external forces.
6. Safety of milling process
   The safety of the milling cutter includes the limitation of rotation speed, the limitation of chip thickness, height restrictions of molding cutter contour and the thickness of assembly cutter, and stretched limit.
   Cutting timber is characterized by high speed cutting, the rotation speed of the milling cutters mostly above 3000 rpm. High speed cutting for timber brings high productivity and smooth surface .., it also brings a series of security problems. Therefore, when the spindle speed up to 9000 rpm, besides the cutter which diameter smaller than 16mm, it should prohibit to use assembly cutters and do strict testing and inspection for welding cutter.
   It is necessary to limit chip thickness for avoiding overload of cutters. For end mills, the clamping method, cutter height, and thickness of work piece are with close relationship. When you ensure the thickness of work piece, mill diameter, and center diameter, the height of cutter reflects its own strength, stiffness, and capacity of cutting resistance. The height must be limited to ensure the safety of cutter usage.
   The design point of welding end mills is clamping problem. No matter the body is cylindrical or disc-type, the blade clamp form must be guaranteed to provide sufficient clamping force to resist rotation centrifugal force .

Reference sources – China Timber Net

Bewise Inc., being a professional manufacturer of various cutting tools, is endeavoring to make excellent products. We are very experienced in custom-made tools, and good at solving customers’ problems when they meet difficulties and troubles. Through everlasting research and practices, we understand thoroughly about different materials of cutters and cutting tools.

BW's popular products for tool series including circular saw, carbide cutting tool, saw blade, wood saw blade, special tool,side milling cutter, …etc; For machines we have spiral tube cooler, cutter grinder, and the latest design and advanced powder forming machine / pelletizer. Bewise is a superior manufacturer and supplier of cutter production and machinery industry.

Basis of woodworking cutter

1. nature of working material
   There are hard wood and wood composites material. And it may be divided into soft wood, hard wood and modified wood; wood composite materials, including plywood, laminated veneer lumber, particleboard, oriented strand board, wafer board, gypsum particle board, cement particle board, hardboard, medium density fiberboard, high density fiberboard, block board, glued timber, etc. Wood or wood composite work piece are needed to process the single-or double-sided decorative veneer progress.
2. the cutting direction
   According to the cutting blade and relative direction of the wood, it is divided into vertical, horizontal, side and vertical side, aspect and cross-side cutting.
3. rotation direction and feed direction of cutter
   In accordance with the rotation of the machine tool axis direction and wood work piece feeding direction, determine the direction of the tool blade tilt.
4. the cutter and the stability of work piece
   Include several aspects of the tool and the work piece in the cutting process stability, the stability means smooth and no beating during process. The solution is reducing the center gravity of work piece and increasing the contact area.
5. quality request of working surface
   Surface quality including surface roughness, geometric size and accuracy of shape position.

Reference sources – China Timber Net

Bewise Inc., being a professional manufacturer of various cutting tools, is endeavoring to make excellent products. We are very experienced in custom-made tools, and good at solving customers’ problems when they meet difficulties and troubles. Through everlasting research and practices, we understand thoroughly about different materials of cutters and cutting tools.

BW's popular products for tool series including circular saw, carbide cutting tool, saw blade, wood saw blade, special tool,side milling cutter, …etc; For machines we have spiral tube cooler, cutter grinder, and the latest design and advanced powder forming machine / pelletizer. Bewise is a superior manufacturer and supplier of cutter production and machinery industry.

Following on last introduction of end mill selection, now we continue to introduce the classification of cutter shape and application.

1. Plain milling cutter：

   Make cutting edge from a cylindrical rod to mill the plane of work piece, that we called flat cutter .. a cutting flute parallel to axis which is proper for light milling, because all the chips will be into the chip slot which will make the cutter beat, it is not suitable for heavy cutting ..) diagram and (c) diagram of the cutting edge of the spiral can have more than one cutting edge contact with the face milling cutting situation, so it’s more stable ..) diagram of the spiral angle have a better cutting effect since its helix is bigger, and it may reduce the milling vibration, resulting in a smooth surface, it can be used in heavy cutting or machining hard materials ..) helix angle is smaller, which is suitable for cutting middle amount of milling or fine cutting surface of work piece.

   (a)Light cutting plain milling cutter	(b)Heavy cutting plain milling cutter	(c)Finishing cutting plain milling cutter

2. Side milling cutter：

   Side cutter names from its side with cutting edge, divided into flat side milling cutter, hemi-cutter, staggered blade side cutter and interlocking side cutter four types according to the distribution of blades, as below, The flat side milling cutter (as shown in (a)) with edges in circumference and both sides of the blade can be used to slot, mill plane and ride milling. Hemi-cutter (as shown (b) below) with edges on the circumference and single side, which is good for heavy milling.. the blade could be on the left or right, so if the left and right side of the cutter, in the middle set a flat cutter, you can make milling work. Turn staggered cutting edge on both sides of the surface, said helix angle relative staggered blade side cutter (see the (c) below), allows milling force to reduce vibration and beat, always used in high-speed groove and deep feed milling. The following diagram (d) shows the interlocking side cutter, combine the left and right side of the cutter and the blades of both sides is also relatively, which axial thrust offset each other to do right groove milling work .

   (a)Flat side milling cutter	(b)Hemi-cutter	(c)Staggered blade side cutter	(d)Interlocking side cutter

3. Angular cutter：

   Cutting edge is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the cutter axis called the angle cutters .. unilateral angle cutters and bilateral angle cutters, as shown below, used for milling angular surfaces, such as the V-shaped groove slot, serrated, beveled and hinged blade teeth.

   Unilateral angle cutters cutting edge cutting edge of the cone surface, flat on the cutting edge is the cutter cone into perspective, but also in the left or right side (as shown in a) .. term point of view; bilateral angle cutters, cutting edge on the two intersect the cone on both sides of the angle can be equal or not equal (as shown below (b) below) .. edge angle are equal while the angle of the size of the call.

   (a)Unilateral angle cutters	(b)Bilateral angle cutters

4. Metal slitting saw：

   For milling slots or cutting metal, shown as below:

   
5. Formed cutter：

   According to shape of cutting edge, milling its the opposite shape of the work piece, suitable for mass production, shown three popular types as below:

   (a)Convex-type cutter	(b)Concave cutter	(c)Gear-type cutter

6. End mill：

   Cutting edge on the face and on the periphery of the end mill. Just like drill bit and erection of flat end mills, hence it is often used in milling plane, groove, and contour.

7. T-slot cutter：

   Cutting edges in the both sides and the circumferential surface, and has a standard taper shank into the connector then put into the spindle .. cutters or side cutters milling a vertical slot on the work piece, and then use the T-slot cutters at the bottom milling to create a wide horizontal slot, it’s the T-slot.

   
8. Woodruff keyseat cutter：

   Similar to the side milling cutter, but only with cutting edges on the circumferential surface, and it has a handle, used for milling half-moon shape key set of work piece.

   
9. Dovetail milling cutter：

   For machining dovetail set and groove.

   
10. Face milling cutter：

    Face milling cutter is much like the sets of shell-side cutter, face milling cutter diameter 150 nm or more sets of rods mounted in the milling machine spindle mouth, face milling cutter for milling flat similar to its work planer .. knife circle cutter for milling work on the plane cutter for fine cut light repair work.

    (a)HSS face milling cutte	(b)WC face milling cutte

• General cutter materials and usage occasion as follows
  1. High-speed steel cutters:for general purposes, the most widely used.
  2. Carbide cutter:for high speed cutting.
  3. Non-ferrous metal casting alloy cutter:suitable for heavy cutting.
• Plain milling cutter
  1. Straight shank end mill
  2. Taper shank end mill
• Common end mills:
  1. Convex-type cutter
  2. Concave cutter
  3. Gear-type cutter
  4. Dove tailstock cutter
  5. Semi-moon key cutter

article reference - Vocational Training Council

Bewise Inc., being a professional manufacturer of various cutting tools, is endeavoring to make excellent products. We are very experienced in custom-made tools, and good at solving customers’ problems when they meet difficulties and troubles. Through everlasting research and practices, we understand thoroughly about different materials of cutters and cutting tools.

BW's popular products for tool series including circular saw, carbide cutting tool, saw blade, wood saw blade, special tool,side milling cutter, …etc; For machines we have spiral tube cooler, cutter grinder, and the latest design and advanced powder forming machine / pelletizer. Bewise is a superior manufacturer and supplier of cutter production and machinery industry.

There are lots of metal products around us in our life, but we all know how they are produced?

There are many processing methods to make metal, cutting is the major one among them.

Firstly, let's learn about cutting tool and machining! We often talk about cutting tool. However, what is cutting tool?

At first, we should think about cutting tools around us.

There are a number of cutting tools in our lives .., kitchen knife, knives and other cutting tools (rub the radish), paper knife and pencil sharpener of the table, the saw and plane of tool box and so on, these also belong to cutting tools. Cutters change shape of objects through cutting, and produce cutting debris.

We should have understood that cutting tool is the tool that may change the shape into our expected form through cutting. The cutters in life includes fruit knife, vegetable knife, and cutting saws for wood, etc.

Reference source:mitsubishicarbide.net